What are the most common forms of intellectual piracy today?

Intellectual piracy manifests in many ways, with the most common forms being software piracy, movie and music piracy, book piracy (PDFs and scanned copies), counterfeit products, and online streaming piracy. Software piracy includes unauthorized downloads, use of cracked versions, and unlicensed sharing of applications. Entertainment piracy often occurs via torrent sites and illegal streaming services. Book piracy is prevalent in academia, where copyrighted textbooks are illegally copied and distributed. Counterfeiting involves producing fake branded goods, while digital piracy also extends to patents, designs, and trade secrets. These practices hurt both the economy and the reputation of industries worldwide.